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hard

hard
[英] [hɑrd] [美] [hɑː(r)d] 生词本

adj.

adv.

n.

  • 柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典

  • 英英释义

  • 行业释义

  • 词典例句

1. ADJ-GRADED 硬的;坚硬的;坚固的 Something that is hard is very firm and stiff to touch and is not easily bent, cut, or broken. 

  • He shuffled his feet on the hard wooden floor...

    他拖着脚在硬木地板上走动。

  • Something cold and hard pressed into the back of his neck.

    一个冰冷梆硬的东西顶在了他的脖梗儿上。

hardness

  • He felt the hardness of the iron railing press against his spine.

    他感觉到硬邦邦的铁栏杆顶着自己的脊梁。

2. ADJ-GRADED 难做的;困难的 Something that is hard is very difficult to do or deal with. 

  • It's hard to tell what effect this latest move will have...

    很难说最近这次行动会有什么结果。

  • She found it hard to accept some of the criticisms directed towards her and her work...

    她发现某些针对自己和自己工作的批评意见很难接受。

  • Our traveller's behaviour on the journey is hard to explain...

    我们的旅客一路上的行为让人很难解释。

3. ADV-GRADED 努力地;使劲地 If you work hard doing something, you are very active or work intensely, with a lot of effort. 

  • I'll work hard. I don't want to let him down...

    我会努力工作，我不想让他失望。

  • Am I trying too hard?

    我是不是努力过头了？

  • Hard is also an adjective.

    • I admired him as a true scientist and hard worker.

      我钦佩他是个真正的科学家和勤奋工作的人。

4. ADJ-GRADED 累人的;费力的;费劲的 Hard work involves a lot of activity and effort. 

  • Coping with three babies is very hard work...

    照顾3个宝宝是非常累人的活儿。

  • ...a hard day's work...

    一天的辛苦工作

  • Their work is hard and unglamorous, and most people would find it boring.

    他们的工作又累又平淡，多数人会认为很乏味。

5. ADV-GRADED 仔细地;认真地 If you look, listen, or think hard, you do it carefully and with a great deal of attention. 

  • He looked at me hard...

    他使劲盯着我看。

  • You had to listen hard to hear the old man breathe...

    你要仔细听才能听见老人的呼吸声。

  • People are having to think hard about their holiday plans.

    人们现在得仔细地琢磨自己的度假计划。

  • Hard is also an adjective.

    • It might be worth taking a long hard look at your frustrations and resentments.

      认真仔细地审视一下自己的失落和不满情绪可能很有必要。

6. ADV-GRADED 猛力地;用力地 If you strike or take hold of something hard, you strike or take hold of it with a lot of force. 

  • I kicked a dustbin very hard and broke my toe.

    我狠狠地踢了一脚垃圾箱，结果脚趾骨折了。

  • Hard is also an adjective.

    • He gave her a hard push which toppled her backwards into an armchair.

      他用力推了她一下，她就向后跌坐在一把扶手椅里。

7. ADV-GRADED 强烈地;猛烈的;长时间地 You can use hard to indicate that something happens intensely and for a long time. 

  • I've never seen Terry laugh so hard...

    我从未见过特里如此放声大笑。

  • It was snowing hard by then.

    当时雪下得很大。

8. ADJ-GRADED 冷酷无情的;心肠硬的 If a person or their expression is hard, they show no kindness or sympathy. 

  • His father was a hard man...

    他的父亲是个冷酷无情的人。

  • Kate realized that the previous hard look on Maggie's face had been a mask.

    凯特意识到玛吉原先的那副冷酷表情其实是装出来的。

9. ADJ-GRADED 苛刻的;严厉的;不友善的 If you are hard on someone, you treat them severely or unkindly. 

  • Don't be so hard on him.

    别对他太苛刻了。

  • Hard is also an adverb.

    • He said the security forces would continue to crack down hard on the protestors.

      他说安全部队会继续严厉镇压抗议者。

10. ADJ-GRADED 有害的;不利的 If you say that something is hard on a person or thing, you mean it affects them in a way that is likely to cause them damage or suffering. 

  • The grey light was hard on the eyes...

    光线暗淡对眼睛不利。

  • These last four years have been hard on them.

    过去的这四年里他们吃了不少苦。

11. ADJ-GRADED （生活、一段日子）艰难的，艰苦的 If you have a hard life or a hard period of time, your life or that period is difficult and unpleasant for you. 

  • It had been a hard life for her...

    对她而言，那是一段非常艰苦的生活。

  • Those were hard times.

    那些岁月是非常艰难的。

hardness

  • In America, people don't normally admit to the hardness of life.

    在美国，人们通常不承认生活过得艰苦。

12. ADJ-GRADED 非常寒冷的;凛冽的 A hard winter or a hard frost is a very cold one. 

  • ...a prolonged period of hard frost...

    漫长的强霜冻期

  • I am expecting a long, hard winter.

    我估计冬天会漫长而寒冷。

13. ADJ-GRADED （颜色）刺目的，晃眼的;（声音）刺耳的，难听的 Hard colours or sounds are harsh or bright and unpleasant to see or hear. 

  • The sea was a hard blue.

    大海呈一片耀眼的蓝色。

14. ADJ （证据、资料）可靠的，确凿的 Hard evidence or facts are definitely true and do not need to be questioned. 

  • He wanted more hard evidence...

    他想要更多确凿的证据。

  • There are probably fewer hard facts about the life of Henry Purcell than that of any other great composer since the Renaissance.

    有关亨利·普赛尔生平的可靠资料可能比任何其他文艺复兴以来的伟大作曲家都要少。

15. ADJ-GRADED （水质）硬的（指含钙化合物较多） Hard water contains a lot of calcium compounds that stop soap making bubbles and sometimes appear as a deposit in kettles and baths. 
16. ADJ （毒品）毒性强的，烈性的 Hard drugs are very strong illegal drugs such as heroin or cocaine. 
17. ADJ （语音）发硬音的 In phonetics, a hard sound is one such as 'c' or 'g' as pronounced in the words 'cat' or 'give', and not as in the words 'cinema' or 'general'. 
18. PREP-PHRASE 离…很近的 If one thing is hard by another, it is very close to it. 

  • Paradise Street was a short, crowded street near the railway station and hard by the factory.

    天堂街是火车站附近一条拥挤的小街道，离该工厂很近。

19. PHRASE 受到不公平待遇的;委屈的 If you feel hard done by, you feel that you have not been treated fairly. 

  • The hall porter was feeling hard done by at having to extend his shift.

    酒店行李搬运工因为被迫延长当班时间而愤愤不平。

20. PHRASE 困难的;艰难的 If you say that something is hard going, you mean it is difficult and requires a lot of effort. 

  • The talks had been hard going at the start.

    会谈从一开始就举步维艰。

21. PHRASE 受到沉重打击的;受严重影响的 To be hard hit by something means to be affected very severely by it. 

  • California's been particularly hard hit by the recession.

    加利福尼亚受经济衰退的影响尤为严重。

22. PHRASE 佯装不感兴趣;故意摆谱 If someone plays hard to get, they pretend not to be interested in another person or in what someone is trying to persuade them to do. 

  • I wanted her and she was playing hard to get.

    我想得到她，但她却故意装出不感兴趣的样子。

23. PHRASE 十分困难的;处于困境的 If someone is hard put to do something or, in British English if they are hard pushed to do something, they have great difficulty doing it. 

  • Mr Morton is undoubtedly cleverer than Mr Kirkby, but he will be hard put to match his popularity.

    莫顿先生无疑比柯克比先生更聪明，但他将很难像柯克比先生那样受人欢迎。

24. PHRASE 为…而非常苦恼（或难受）；因…而沮丧 If you take something hard, you are very upset or depressed by it. 

  • Maybe I just took it too hard.

    可能我真的对此事太过耿耿于怀。

Adjective

1. not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure;

  • "a difficult task"
  • "nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access"
  • "difficult times"
  • "a difficult child"
  • "found himself in a difficult situation"
  • "why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?"

2. metaphorically hard;

  • "a hard fate"
  • "took a hard look"
  • "a hard bargainer"
  • "a hard climb"

3. not yielding to pressure or easily penetrated;

  • "hard as rock"

4. very strong or vigorous;

  • "strong winds"
  • "a hard left to the chin"
  • "a knockout punch"
  • "a severe blow"

5. characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort;

  • "worked their arduous way up the mining valley"
  • "a grueling campaign"
  • "hard labor"
  • "heavy work"
  • "heavy going"
  • "spent many laborious hours on the project"
  • "set a punishing pace"

6. of speech sounds

7. of a drinker or drinking; indulging intemperately;

  • "does a lot of hard drinking"
  • "a heavy drinker"

8. having undergone fermentation;

  • "hard cider"

9. having a high alcoholic content;

  • "hard liquor"

10. unfortunate or hard to bear;

  • "had hard luck"
  • "a tough break"

11. dried out;

  • "hard dry rolls left over from the day before"
Adverb

1. with effort or force or vigor;

  • "the team played hard"
  • "worked hard all day"
  • "pressed hard on the lever"
  • "hit the ball hard"
  • "slammed the door hard"

2. with firmness;

  • "held hard to the railing"

3. earnestly or intently;

  • "thought hard about it"
  • "stared hard at the accused"

4. causing great damage or hardship;

  • "industries hit hard by the depression"
  • "she was severely affected by the bank's failure"

5. slowly and with difficulty;

  • "prejudices die hard"

6. indulging excessively;

  • "he drank heavily"

7. into a solid condition;

  • "concrete that sets hard within a few hours"

8. very near or close in space or time;

  • "it stands hard by the railroad tracks"
  • "they were hard on his heels"
  • "a strike followed hard upon the plant's opening"

9. with pain or distress or bitterness;

  • "he took the rejection very hard"

10. to the full extent possible; all the way;

  • "hard alee"
  • "the ship went hard astern"
  • "swung the wheel hard left"

物理学

<名>
  • 1.硬球散射
  • 2.hard-sphere scattering
  • 3.硬球势
  • 4.hard-sphere potential
  • 5.硬［磁］泡
  • 6.［magnetic］ bubble

计算机

  • 1.【修】硬，难
1. I felt very hard done by when I got less money than anybody else, after I had worked twice as hard.
我卖的力气比别人多一倍，但我得到的钱比谁都少，实在不公平。

来自《简明英汉词典》

2. Xiao Wang not only works hard, but (also) studies hard. His behaviour leaves nothing to be desired.
小王既肯干又肯学，真是没说的。

来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3. 'Failed again, I'm afraid.' 'Oh, hard luck.'
“恐怕又没过。”“哦，真可惜。”

来自《简明英汉词典》

4. A hard blow knocked the boxer down.
对方猛烈的一拳将这个拳击手击倒在地。

来自《简明英汉词典》

5. A hard blow on the ear deafened him for life.
耳朵上挨的一记猛击使他耳聋了一辈子。

来自《简明英汉词典》

6. A hard core of supporters, mostly teenage girls, gathered at the airport to see the star arrive.
支持者的中坚分子大多是十几岁的女孩子，聚集在机场一睹这位明星的到来。

来自《简明英汉词典》

7. A hard struggle looms ahead.
一场苦斗迫在眉捷。

来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

8. A vacillating person finds it hard to make up his mind.
优柔寡断的人不易下决心。

来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

9. A wife who shared her husband's hard lot must never be cast aside.
糟糠之妻不下堂。

来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10. Acrobatics is hard to learn but beautiful to watch.
杂技不好学，但很好看。

来自《简明英汉词典》

11. After a hard day at work, a nice meal at home is just what the doctor ordered.
一天的辛苦工作后，家里的一顿美餐正合我意。

来自《简明英汉词典》

12. After days of hard work, the culvert was at last completed.
经过几天的苦战，高低把涵洞修好了。

来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

13. After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city.
守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。

来自《简明英汉词典》

14. After six months of hard study, he felt the need to let off a little steam.
辛勤学习六个月之后，他感到有必要轻松一下。

来自《简明英汉词典》

15. After ten years' hard study noticed by none, his fame fills the land once honours are won.
十年寒窗无人问，一举成名天下知。

来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

16. After years of hard work, his efforts finally bore fruit.
经过多年艰苦劳动之后，他的努力终于取得了成果。

来自《简明英汉词典》

17. All five men are hard workers.
他们五个人工作都很努力。

来自《简明英汉词典》

18. All this hard work is telling him.
所有这些辛苦的工作都对他的健康有影响。

来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

19. Although grumbling sometimes, he works hard.
牢骚归牢骚，他工作可不含糊。

来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

20. Although he is getting along in years, he can work hard as usual.
虽然他年岁已大，但他还能像往常一样努力工作。

来自《简明英汉词典》